Vitamin K / Phytonadione
Uses of Vitamin K / Phytonadione
Vitamin K / Phytonadione is primarily used to manage and prevent vitamin K deficiency, which can cause unusual bleeding due to impaired blood clotting. It falls under the group of vitamins.
Additionally, it also helps in counteracting the effects of vitamin K antagonists like warfarin in cases of overdose or before urgent surgery. In some countries, Vitamin K / Phytonadione injections are routinely given to newborns to prevent a rare but serious bleeding disorder called vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB).
Side effects of Vitamin K / Phytonadione
Injection site pain, swelling or tenderness.
Rare allergic reactions such as rash, itching, and shortness of breath.
Anaemia due to hemolysis (mainly with high intravenous doses).
Kernicterus in newborns (rare, with IM injection containing benzyl alcohol).
How Vitamin K / Phytonadione works
Vitamin K / Phytonadione is a type of Vitamin. It functions in the body as an essential co-factor for an enzyme known as gamma-glutamyl carboxylase. This enzyme activates certain proteins (factors II, VII, IX, X, osteocalcin, and matrix Gla protein) that are involved in the processes of blood clotting and bone metabolism.
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Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Vitamin K / Phytonadione can be taken orally (tablet and liquid formulation), as well as intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) (infusion) routes.
Age and Dose Restrictions
Vitamin K / Phytonadione can be administered to adults and children of all ages.
Contraindications
Vitamin K / Phytonadione is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to any component of the formulation.
It is not recommended for patients with severe liver disease that impairs vitamin K utilisation.
Individuals with conditions causing hypercoagulability or thrombosis should also avoid this medicine.
Other Medications to Avoid
Vitamin K / Phytonadione may interact with vitamin K antagonists (such as warfarin and acenocoumarol), certain antibiotics (like cefixime, ceftibuten and sulfamethoxazole), bile acid sequestrants (cholestyramine) and fat absorption blockers (orlistat).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Vitamin K / Phytonadione can cause symptoms like flushing, sweating or changes in taste. If you observe these symptoms, inform your doctor and follow the advice accordingly.
If you forget to take a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects such as pain or swelling at the injection site or mild gastrointestinal symptoms are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of fluids may help to combat minor gastrointestinal side effects.
To manage injection site reactions, alternate the injection site regularly.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Vitamin K / Phytonadione does not usually affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. However, if you feel dizzy or unwell after taking this medication, avoid such activities.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Vitamin K / Phytonadione should be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding only if needed and under medical supervision. Always consult your doctor before using this medicine during these periods.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with renal conditions should exercise caution when taking Vitamin K / Phytonadione. Regular monitoring of kidney and liver function is recommended while on this medication.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Maintain a balanced diet rich in green leafy vegetables, vegetable oils, and fermented foods, which are good sources of vitamin K.
Avoid sudden changes in your dietary intake of vitamin K, especially if you are on anticoagulant therapy.
Regular check-ups are recommended to monitor vitamin K levels and coagulation parameters.
Frequently asked questions
Does Vitamin K / Phytonadione have any effect on mood?
Vitamin K / Phytonadione is not associated with any significant effect on mood. It is primarily used for managing conditions related to blood clotting and bone metabolism.
Are there any alternatives to Vitamin K / Phytonadione?
Alternatives to Vitamin K / Phytonadione should be considered under the guidance of a doctor. There are other medications available that can manage blood clotting and bone health, but their suitability would depend on individual patient conditions and the underlying cause of the deficiency.
Does Vitamin K / Phytonadione affect menstruation?
Vitamin K / Phytonadione is not directly associated with any significant effect on menstruation in women. If you notice any unusual changes in your menstrual cycle while taking this medicine, consult your doctor.
Can vegan or vegetarian people take Vitamin K / Phytonadione?
Yes, vegan and vegetarian individuals can take Vitamin K / Phytonadione. However, due to their diet, they may need to ensure they are obtaining enough vitamin K from plant-based food sources or may require supplements.
Is Vitamin K / Phytonadione a steroid?
No, Vitamin K / Phytonadione is not a steroid. It is a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for blood clotting and bone metabolism.
Is it safe to take Vitamin K / Phytonadione daily?
Yes, for most people, daily Vitamin K / Phytonadione intake through diet or supplements is safe. However, individuals on anticoagulants should consult their doctor before taking any supplements.
Can Vitamin K / Phytonadione deficiency cause any bleeding disorders?
Yes, a deficiency of Vitamin K / Phytonadione can potentially lead to bleeding disorders as it plays a significant role in blood clotting.
Vitamin K / Phytonadione in other salts
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