Verapamil
Uses of Verapamil
Primarily, Verapamil is used for managing conditions such as high blood pressure (hypertension), chest pain (angina), and certain heart rhythm disorders (arrhythmias). It belongs to a group of medications known as calcium channel blockers.
Expanding the blood vessels and improving blood flow can also help to increase the capacity for exercise and reduce the frequency of angina attacks.
Side effects of Verapamil
Constipation
Feeling dizzy or lightheaded
Nausea or vomiting
Headache
Feeling tired or weak
How Verapamil works
Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker.
It works by inhibiting the entry of calcium ions into the cells of the heart and blood vessels. This action relaxes and widens the blood vessels, enabling easier blood flow. Additionally, Verapamil slows down electrical impulses in the heart. This helps to regulate the heart rate and rhythm, ensuring the heart operates in a more regular manner. Through these actions, Verapamil reduces blood pressure, increases the supply of oxygen and blood to the heart, and lessens its workload.
Certified content
Written By
BDS, MDS
Reviewed By
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Verapamil can be taken orally (tablet) and intravenously (injection).
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is intended for adults aged 18 and above.
Contraindications
Verapamil is contraindicated in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction. It is also contraindicated in patients with hypotension (systolic pressure less than 90 mmHg), sick sinus syndrome, and second- or third-degree AV block (except in patients with a functioning artificial pacemaker).
Other Medications to Avoid
Verapamil can interact with beta-blockers (such as atenolol and propranolol), cardiac glycoside (such as digoxin), certain antiarrhythmics (like amiodarone and flecainide), certain antibiotics (like erythromycin), and antifungals (such as ketoconazole).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdose of Verapamil may result in severe hypotension, bradycardia, heart block, cardiac arrest, dizziness, confusion, and metabolic acidosis. If these symptoms are observed, immediate medical attention is required.
In case of a missed dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for the forgotten one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor. To manage side effects:
For dizziness or lightheadedness, try to sit or lie down until the symptoms pass.
To counteract constipation, increase your intake of fibre and fluids.
Ensure you rest if you experience fatigue.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Verapamil may cause dizziness or tiredness. Therefore, avoid driving or operating machinery until you are sure you can perform these activities safely.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Verapamil should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the foetus. This medicine passes into breast milk, so nursing mothers should consult their doctor before using it.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with heart failure, certain types of heart rhythm problems, low blood pressure, kidney or liver disease, and neuromuscular disorders should exercise caution when taking Verapamil.
Elderly patients who may be more sensitive to its effects should also exercise caution.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Maintain a low-fat, low-sodium diet to manage hypertension.
Frequently asked questions
Can Verapamil cause mood changes?
Some people may experience mood changes while taking Verapamil, although this is not common. If you notice significant changes in your mood or behaviour, please consult your doctor.
Will Verapamil affect my menstrual cycle?
Verapamil is not known to affect the menstrual cycle. However, if you notice irregular periods or other changes, please consult your doctor.
Is Verapamil addictive?
No, Verapamil is not known to cause addiction or dependency. However, do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor.
Does Verapamil have a half-life?
Yes, Verapamil has a half-life of approximately 3 to 7 hours. This means that half the amount of Verapamil in your body will be eliminated every 3 to 7 hours.
Is Verapamil a vegetarian medicine?
Verapamil is generally considered a vegetarian medication, but it's recommended to check the product packaging or consult your pharmacist for specific details.
Can I take natural alternatives instead of Verapamil?
Natural alternatives may not work the same way as Verapamil and may not be as effective. Always consult your doctor before starting any natural remedies or supplements.
Will taking Verapamil have any effect on fertility?
Verapamil is not directly associated with affecting fertility. However, if you are trying to conceive and are concerned about this, please consult your doctor.
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