Sunitinib
Uses of Sunitinib
Sunitinib is a medicine primarily used for managing kidney cancer, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, and gastrointestinal stromal tumours. It belongs to the group of medicine known as tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Besides, it is also used for conditions like relapsed renal cell carcinoma, recurrent chordoma, soft tissue sarcoma, thyroid carcinoma, and thymic carcinoma.
Side effects of Sunitinib
Weakness
Diarrhoea
Nausea
Skin rash
Headache
How Sunitinib works
Sunitinib is classified as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
It works by blocking certain proteins known as tyrosine kinases that play a crucial role in the growth and spread of cancer cells. Blocking these proteins can slow down or stop the development of tumours.
Sunitinib also inhibits new blood vessel formation which the tumours need for their growth. This further stops the growth and spread of cancer cells in the body.
Certified content
Written By
BDS, MDS
Reviewed By
BAMS, APG, PG
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Sunitinib can be taken orally (capsule).
Age and Dose Restrictions
Sunitinib is a potent medication meant only for adults.
Contraindications
Sunitinib should be used cautiously in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C).
Patients with bleeding disorders or active, uncontrolled bleeding should also avoid this medication.
It is contraindicated in individuals who have experienced severe cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, or severe/unstable angina within the past six months.
Other Medications to Avoid
Sunitinib may interact with antiretroviral therapy medications (e.g., ritonavir and rifampin) and substrates of ABCG2 (e.g., BCRP i.e. breast cancer resistance protein).
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Sunitinib may cause severe side effects such as liver toxicity or congestive heart failure. If an overdose is suspected, consult your doctor immediately.
If you miss a dose of Sunitinib, take it as soon as you remember unless it is less than 12 hours until your next dose. Do not double-dose to compensate for the missed one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of fluids throughout the day may help manage diarrhoea.
Resting in a quiet, dark room might help with dizziness or headache.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Sunitinib may cause dizziness or fatigue, which could impair your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. It is advisable to avoid these activities if you experience these side effects.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Sunitinib is not recommended during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. Please consult your doctor before using this medicine during these periods.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with hypertension should exercise caution when taking Sunitinib and may require closer monitoring.
Individuals with pre-existing thyroid conditions should also take this medication with caution, as hypothyroidism may develop with its use.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
It is recommended to maintain a balanced diet while taking Sunitinib as it can cause nausea and loss of appetite.
Regular exercise can help manage fatigue and weakness caused by this medication. However, make sure to consult your doctor about the type and amount of physical activity that is safe for you.
Regular dental check-ups are advised as Sunitinib can lead to oral health issues, including inflammation of the mouth lining and potential onset of osteonecrosis of the jaw.
Frequently asked questions
Is Sunitinib a prescription medicine, or can I buy it over the counter?
Sunitinib is not available over the counter. It is a prescription medicine, which means you must consult your doctor before taking it.
How should I store my Sunitinib medication?
Store your Sunitinib capsules at 25°C (77°F); excursions are allowed to 15-30°C (59-86°F). Always keep these capsules out of reach of children.
Is Sunitinib safe for elderly patients?
While Sunitinib can be given to elderly patients, they should be monitored closely due to an increased risk of adverse reactions. Doctors typically evaluate each patient's overall health status and potential risks before prescribing this medicine.
How is Sunitinib metabolised in the body?
Sunitinib is primarily metabolised by a liver enzyme known as CYP3A4. It interacts with other substances that either inhibit or induce this enzyme, potentially causing increased or decreased exposure to the medicine.
Can Sunitinib cause heart problems?
Yes, in some cases, Sunitinib can cause serious heart-related side effects such as congestive heart failure, myocardial ischemia, and QT prolongation. If you have pre-existing heart conditions, your doctor will need to closely monitor your condition while you are taking this medicine.
What should I do if I develop a rash while taking Sunitinib?
Developing a rash is a common side effect of Sunitinib. If this happens, make sure to report it to your doctor right away. Depending on how severe the rash is, they may recommend appropriate topical treatments or dose adjustments.
Can I take vaccinations while on Sunitinib treatment?
It is advisable to avoid live vaccines while undergoing treatment with Sunitinib and for at least 3 months after the last dose.
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