Roflumilast
Uses of Roflumilast
The main use of Roflumilast is for the maintenance treatment of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with chronic bronchitis in adults with a history of frequent exacerbations. Roflumilast belongs to the class of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitors.
It is used as an add-on therapy to bronchodilators like long-acting beta2-agonists (LABAs) or anticholinergics for better management of the disease symptoms.
Side effects of Roflumilast
Diarrhoea
Weight decrease
Nausea
Headache
Back pain
How Roflumilast works
Roflumilast is a selective Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitor.
It works by blocking the action of PDE-4, an enzyme responsible for breaking down a substance called cAMP (Cyclic adenosine monophosphate) within lung cells. This leads to an increase in cAMP levels. The higher levels of cAMP help in reducing inflammation and relaxing the airways in the lungs. This results in improved lung function and fewer exacerbations or episodes of worsening symptoms in cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BAMS, APG, PG
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Roflumilast is available for oral administration (tablet).
Age and Dose Restrictions
Roflumilast is for adults and is not recommended for children under 18 years of age.
Contraindications
Roflumilast is contraindicated if you are allergic to roflumilast and if you have moderate or severe liver problems.
Other Medications to Avoid
Roflumilast may interact with CYP3A4 or dual CYP3A4/CYP1A2 inhibitors (e.g., erythromycin, ketoconazole) and CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampicin, phenobarbital).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdose of Roflumilast may cause severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, dizziness, headache, and fatigue. If you observe these symptoms, consult your doctor and follow their advice.
If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered. However, if it is close to the time for the next dose, the missed dose should be skipped.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing Roflumilast. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Drinking plenty of water may help manage common side effects such as diarrhoea.
Regular rest can help manage symptoms of fatigue or dizziness.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Roflumilast may cause dizziness or sleepiness. If affected, avoid driving or operating machinery after taking this medicine.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Roflumilast should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Consult your doctor before using this medicine during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Caution is advised in patients with mild liver impairment, HIV infection, multiple sclerosis (MS), lupus erythematosus (LE) or progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), severe acute infectious diseases such as acute hepatitis and cancer.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Avoid excessive caffeine to reduce the risk of exacerbating side effects like insomnia.
Monitor weight regularly as roflumilast can affect appetite.
Regularly monitor liver function through prescribed tests, as roflumilast can affect the liver.
Frequently asked questions
Does Roflumilast have any effect on sleep?
Roflumilast may cause insomnia in some patients. If you experience difficulty sleeping while taking Roflumilast, you should consult your doctor.
Will Roflumilast affect fertility?
Roflumilast is not known to have any effect on fertility. If you have concerns about this, you should discuss them with your doctor.
Is it safe to take Roflumilast daily?
Roflumilast can be taken daily when prescribed by a doctor.
How much time does Roflumilast take to work?
The exact time for Roflumilast to start working can vary between individuals, but generally, regular use over several weeks is required to see an improvement in symptoms.
What is the best time to take Roflumilast?
Roflumilast should be taken as prescribed by your doctor only. Follow your doctor's instructions carefully.
How long should I be on Roflumilast?
The duration of treatment with Roflumilast depends on your medical condition and response to treatment. Follow your doctor's instructions carefully.
Is Roflumilast available over the counter, or do I need a prescription?
Roflumilast is prescription-only and not available over the counter. Always consult your doctor before starting any new medication.
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