Omalizumab
Uses of Omalizumab
The main use of Omalizumab is in the management of moderate to severe persistent asthma and chronic idiopathic urticaria (hives) in adults and children. It belongs to a category of medicines known as monoclonal antibodies.
Omalizumab is also used in the management of nasal polyps in adults when symptoms are inadequately controlled by nasal corticosteroids alone.
Side effects of Omalizumab
Injection site reactions (like pain, redness, swelling)
Headache
Sore throat
Joint pain
Fatigue
How Omalizumab works
Omalizumab is a monoclonal antibody.
It targets and binds to a substance known as immunoglobulin E (IgE) present in the blood. This is a key player in causing allergic reactions.
The binding of Omalizumab to IgE prevents it from attaching to allergy cells called mast cells, which are primarily responsible for releasing chemicals that cause allergy symptoms.
This action restricts the release of these allergy-causing chemicals, thereby reducing inflammation in the airways and lessening the severity of hives.
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Written By
BDS, MDS
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Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Omalizumab is administered through the subcutaneous routea (lyophilised injectable powder).
Age and Dose Restrictions
Omalizumab is suitable for adults and children. The minimum age for asthma management is 6 years; for chronic idiopathic urticaria it is 12 years; for nasal polyps treatment, it is 18 years.
Contraindications
Omalizumab is contraindicated in patients who have experienced a severe hypersensitivity reaction to any of its components.
It should not be used by individuals with a severe allergic reaction history to the medicine itself.
Other Medications to Avoid
This medicine may interact with live virus vaccines.
These could include vaccines such as the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), and varicella (chickenpox) vaccines.
Overdose and Missed Dose
An overdose of Omalizumab could potentially exacerbate side effects such as headache, and joint pain, or increase the risk of serious conditions like anaphylaxis. If you suspect an overdose, immediate medical attention is vital.
If you miss a dose of Omalizumab, consult your doctor for guidance as soon as possible. Do not double the dose to compensate for the missed one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
To manage injection site reactions such as pain or swelling, applying a cold pack might help alleviate discomfort.
For fatigue, adjusting the time of day when the medicine is administered might be beneficial if it does not conflict with medical advice.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Omalizumab does not have a direct impact on your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or severe fatigue as side effects, it may be best to avoid these activities.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, consulting your doctor before starting Omalizumab is crucial.
Caution in Other Conditions
Individuals with a history of arterial thrombotic events such as heart attack or stroke should use Omalizumab with caution.
Patients with pre-existing cancer should also consult their doctor due to the slightly increased risk of certain cancers associated with Omalizumab.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Asthma patients should avoid allergens that trigger asthma symptoms.
Maintain a clean environment to reduce dust mites, pet dander, and other irritants.
Regularly clean air filters and vents in your home.
For chronic idiopathic urticaria, identify and avoid foods or environmental factors that may trigger hives.
Wear loose-fitting clothing to avoid irritating the affected skin.
Keep a diary to track outbreaks and potential triggers.
Frequently asked questions
Is Omalizumab a steroid?
No, Omalizumab is not a steroid. It is a monoclonal antibody, a type of medicine that is designed to target and bind to specific cells or proteins in the body.
Does Omalizumab have any effect on sleep?
There is no specific information available suggesting that Omalizumab affects sleep. However, if you notice unusual changes in your sleep pattern after starting this medicine, please consult your doctor.
Will Omalizumab affect fertility?
No evidence suggests that Omalizumab has any effect on fertility in males or females.
Are there any particular diet restrictions while taking Omalizumab?
There are no specific diet restrictions required while taking Omalizumab unless your doctor advises otherwise.
Can I take Omalizumab daily?
The frequency of taking Omalizumab depends on your individual treatment plan and the condition being managed. It is typically administered every 2 or 4 weeks.
How much time does Omalizumab take to work?
For asthma, improvements are usually seen within 12-16 weeks of starting Omalizumab. For hives, symptom relief may begin within a week but could take a few months for some individuals. Results may vary depending on individual conditions.
What is the best time to take Omalizumab?
Omalizumab should be administered as per your doctor's instructions. There is no specific best time to administer the medicine as it is injected under the supervision of a doctor.
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