Methoxsalen
Uses of Methoxsalen
Methoxsalen is primarily used for managing severe cases of psoriasis and vitiligo. It belongs to a class of compounds known as psoralens or furocoumarins.
Side effects of Methoxsalen
Skin redness
Itching
Skin dryness and peeling
Nausea
Headache
How Methoxsalen works
Methoxsalen is a skin-colouring and light-sensitising agent.
It functions as a photosensitising agent. This means when this medicine is consumed orally or applied topically to the skin and then exposed to ultraviolet A (UVA) light, it becomes activated and attaches itself to the DNA in skin cells. This leads to the creation of links between DNA strands, which prohibits the synthesis of DNA and cell division. The combined effect of this medicine and UVA light causes damage at a cellular level and triggers an inflammatory response in the areas of skin being treated. Over time, this process results in increased melanisation, which refers to pigmentation in the skin, and thickening of the stratum corneum or the outermost layer of the skin.
Certified content
Written By
BDS, MDS
Reviewed By
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Methoxsalen is available for administration via oral (tablets and capsules) and topical (lotion, ointment) routes.
Age and Dose Restrictions
Methoxsalen is indicated for use in adults and children over the age of 12 years.
Contraindications
Methoxsalen should not be used in patients with known sensitivities or allergies to psoralen compounds. This medication is contraindicated in individuals with conditions like lupus erythematosus (inflammatory connective tissue disorder that occurs when the body's immune system attacks its own tissues), xeroderma pigmentosum (genetic disorder in which the ability to repair damaged DNA is decreased), and other diseases that increase sensitivity to UV light.
Other Medications to Avoid
Methoxsalen may interact with anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, jantoven), staining dyes (e.g., methylene blue, toluidine blue), coal tar (e.g., Neutrogena T/Gel, psoriasin) and certain antibiotics (e.g., tetracyclines, sulfonamides).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdosing on Methoxsalen can lead to severe skin burns, blistering, and peeling. In such cases, immediate medical attention is required.
If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as you remember, but avoid doubling up on the dose.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects of Methoxsalen are temporary and resolve upon discontinuation of the medication. However, consult your doctor if symptoms persist or worsen.
To reduce itching and dryness, apply a moisturiser frequently.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Methoxsalen can cause dizziness and blurred vision. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery if you experience any of these side effects.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Consult your doctor before using Methoxsalen if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, as its safety in these conditions is not fully established.
Caution in Other Conditions
Methoxsalen should be used with caution in patients with liver or kidney dysfunction, as it may affect the metabolism and excretion of the medicine. Patients with a history of skin cancer should use this medicine with caution due to the increased risk of skin damage from UV light.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Limit your exposure to sunlight since Methoxsalen increases sensitivity to UV light. Wear protective clothing and use sunscreen when outdoors.
Keep your skin hydrated and moisturised to prevent dryness and peeling.
Frequently asked questions
Can Methoxsalen be used for conditions other than psoriasis and vitiligo?
Methoxsalen is primarily used for managing skin conditions like severe, recalcitrant psoriasis and vitiligo in combination with UVA light therapy. Its use for other conditions should only be determined by a doctor.
Does taking Methoxsalen mean I should avoid sunlight?
Yes, after taking Methoxsalen, you should avoid direct sunlight exposure, especially during peak hours (11 am to 3 pm), for at least 24 hours. UVA-blocking sunglasses should be worn during daylight hours for 24 hours after PUVA therapy to protect your eyes.
Can Methoxsalen cause any long-term risks?
Yes, long-term use of Methoxsalen along with UVA therapy may increase the risk of developing non-melanoma skin cancers, particularly squamous cell carcinoma.
Is Methoxsalen a steroid?
No, Methoxsalen is not a steroid. It is a naturally occurring substance found in certain plants and belongs to a class of compounds called psoralens.
Does Methoxsalen Have Any Effect on Sleep?
There is no specific data suggesting that Methoxsalen has any direct impact on sleep. However, if you experience any unusual sleep patterns after starting this medication, it is recommended to consult your doctor.
Will Methoxsalen Affect Fertility?
Currently, there are no studies or data available that suggest Methoxsalen has an effect on fertility. If you have concerns about fertility and are taking this medication, it would be best to discuss this with your doctor.
Is It Safe to Take Methoxsalen daily?
The frequency and duration of Methoxsalen should be based on your doctor's prescription. It is crucial not to self-medicate or alter the dosage without consulting your doctor.
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