The primary use of Levosimendan is in the management of acute decompensated heart failure when conventional therapies are inadequate. It belongs to the group of medications known as calcium sensitisers and potassium channel openers.
Additionally, Levosimendan may also be used prophylactically in cardiac surgery patients at risk of low cardiac output syndrome.
Headache
Dizziness
Low blood pressure
Faster heartbeat
Irregular heartbeat
Nausea and vomiting
Levosimendan is a calcium sensitiser and potassium channel opener.
It works by two primary mechanisms: firstly, it enhances the heart's pumping function without raising its oxygen demand. This is achieved by binding to a protein in the heart muscle called cardiac troponin C, which increases myofilaments' sensitivity to calcium. As a result, the strength of the heart's contractions improves without an increase in intracellular calcium levels.
Secondly, Levosimendan triggers vasodilation or widening of blood vessels, thereby reducing afterload. This is achieved by opening ATP-sensitive potassium channels present in the smooth muscles of blood vessels.
BDS, MDS
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Levosimendan is available as a concentrate solution for infusion. It is administered through the intravenous route.
Levosimendan is primarily intended for use in adults.
Levosimendan is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to Levosimendan or any of its excipients.
It is contraindicated for those with severe hypotension and tachycardia.
Patients with significant mechanical obstructions affecting ventricular filling or outflow should not use this medicine.
It is also contraindicated in severe renal impairment and severe hepatic impairment.
Levosimendan may interact with antihypertensives (such as beta-blockers like atenolol and metoprolol), medicines affecting heart rhythm (like digoxin), anaesthetics (such as propofol and sevoflurane), and anticoagulants (including warfarin).
Symptoms of overdose with Levosimendan include hypotension, tachycardia, and arrhythmias. Immediate medical attention is required to manage blood pressure and correct any arrhythmias.
If a dose is missed during the administration period, it should be administered as soon as possible. However, the missed dose should be skipped if it is nearly time for the next scheduled dose to avoid potential overdose effects.
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
For headaches, consider resting in a quiet, dark room and staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
If experiencing nausea, try eating small, bland meals throughout the day instead of three large meals.
Levosimendan may cause side effects such as dizziness and headaches that could affect your ability to drive or operate machinery. Avoid these activities until you feel better.
Consult your doctor before using this medicine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
Caution is advised when using Levosimendan in patients with low baseline blood pressure, hypovolemia, or hyponatremia.
It should be used with caution in patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment, and dose adjustment may be necessary.
Patients diagnosed with heart conditions requiring Levosimendan should adhere to a heart-healthy diet low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, salt (sodium), and added sugars.
Engaging in regular physical activity as advised by a doctor can help improve heart health.
Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption as these can worsen heart conditions.
Managing stress effectively through techniques like meditation, deep breathing exercises, or yoga may benefit overall heart health.
Regular monitoring of blood pressure and cholesterol levels can help manage heart disease effectively.
Frequently asked questions
No, Levosimendan is not a steroid. It is a calcium sensitiser and potassium channel opener used to manage acute heart failure.
There is no direct evidence to suggest that Levosimendan affects sleep. However, one of the common side effects of this medicine is insomnia. This means that some people may find it more difficult to sleep while taking Levosimendan.
There is generally no impact of Levosimendan on fertility. If you have concerns about fertility, it is advisable to consult with your doctor before starting this medication.
No specific dietary restrictions are required while taking Levosimendan, however, maintaining a balanced diet can generally support overall health and well-being.
Levosimendan is typically administered as a continuous intravenous infusion over a short period in the context of acute heart failure. Therefore, it would not typically be taken daily as an ongoing treatment.
Levosimendan begins to work rapidly, with effects seen within 30 minutes of starting the infusion. However, results may vary depending on individual conditions.
Levosimendan is typically administered in a controlled medical setting, rather than being taken at home at a specific time.
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