Atracurium
Uses of Atracurium
The main use of Atracurium is to relax skeletal muscles during surgery. It is part of the class of medications known as neuromuscular blocking agents.
Another crucial use of this medication is to facilitate mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients in intensive care units by relaxing respiratory muscles.
Side effects of Atracurium
Skin flushing
Decreased blood pressure
Increased heart rate
Itching or hives
How Atracurium works
Atracurium is a neuromuscular blocking agent. It works by acting as a competitive antagonist at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors located on the motor end plate of skeletal muscle fibres. This means it competes with acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter, for binding sites on these receptors. Once Atracurium is bound to these receptors, it prevents acetylcholine from attaching and activating them. This action blocks neuromuscular transmission, which leads to a condition called flaccid paralysis wherein the affected skeletal muscles are unable to contract.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BAMS, APG, PG
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Atracurium is available for use via the infusion (intravenous) route.
Age and Dose Restrictions
This medicine is meant for use in adults and children above 1 month of age.
Contraindications
Patients with myasthenia gravis or other neuromuscular disorders that may potentiate its effects should avoid using this medication.
Other Medications to Avoid
Atracurium may interact with certain antibiotics (e.g., aminoglycosides, tetracyclines) and anaesthetics (e.g., halothane).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdose of Atracurium may lead to prolonged paralysis. Immediate medical attention is required if symptoms like difficulty in breathing are observed.
In case a dose is missed, it should be administered as soon as remembered or the next dose should be administered at the scheduled time. Do not double up the dose.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
To manage skin flushing, try resting in a cool room and using a fan.
In case of pain at the injection site, a cold pack can be applied to help ease the discomfort.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Atracurium may cause dizziness or blurred vision. It is advised not to drive or operate heavy machinery if these symptoms are experienced.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
The safety of Atracurium in pregnancy and while breastfeeding is not definitively established. It should only be used if clearly needed and after consultation with a doctor.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with severe electrolyte abnormalities, dehydration, acidosis, and burns should exercise caution when administering Atracurium. Those with impaired kidney or liver function may be more sensitive to its effects and should use it with caution.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Maintaining good hydration can help prevent dehydration which can potentiate the effects of Atracurium.
Regular monitoring of health conditions and medication review are advised for those on long-term Atracurium therapy.
Frequently asked questions
Is Atracurium a steroid?
No, Atracurium is not a steroid. It is a neuromuscular blocking agent utilised to facilitate surgical procedures and mechanical ventilation.
Can Atracurium affect my mood or emotions?
It is used during surgical procedures or intensive care, the overall experience may have psychological effects.
Will Atracurium affect my menstrual cycle?
Atracurium does not have any known effects on the menstrual cycle. However, if you notice any changes during its use, consult your doctor.
Can the effects of Atracurium be reversed if needed?
Yes, Atracurium's neuromuscular blockade can be reversed using acetylcholinesterase inhibitors like neostigmine, along with muscarinic antagonists like glycopyrrolate to prevent side effects. Your doctor will provide you with the necessary guidance.
How is Atracurium monitored in the body?
Atracurium is monitored using a peripheral nerve stimulator with train-of-four (TOF) stimulation, while respiratory and hemodynamic monitoring are essential, especially in ICU patients on long-term infusions.
How long would I need to be on Atracurium?
The duration of treatment with Atracurium will depend on your medical condition and response to therapy. Your doctor will provide you with the necessary guidance.
Are there any natural alternatives to Atracurium?
There are currently no natural alternatives to Atracurium that provide the same neuromuscular blocking effect during surgical procedures or intensive care.
Atracurium in other salts
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